Climate Change and Disaster Risk Profile

HAZARDS PROFILE

There are eight recurring and possible environmental hazards in the municipality, namely: Flood, Landslide, Liquefaction, Drought, Sea Level Rise, Storm Surge, Ground Shaking and Tsunami.

1. Hydro-Met Hazards

CLIMATE PROJECTIONS IN 2020 AND 2050 OF THE PROVINCE OF SURIGAO DEL SUR

Typhoon/Storm Surge/Sea Level Rise/Flooding

The climate projections indicate that climate change will increase the variability and quantities of water resources as well as creating physical impacts from flooding, sea level rise, more intense typhoons and storm surges.

Previous typhoons like Typhoon Pablo due to its strong winds most of the agricultural land of the locality were affected particularly the coconut production and Barangay Palo-alto settlement was wipeout due to storm surge. While low lying and coastal barangays were affected with flooding.

Most of the coastal barangays are very highly exposed to flooding especially those with river in their vicinity.

Rain-Induced Landslide

Days of continuous heavy rains brought by Typhoon Agaton caused landslides in upland barangays and mountainsides with steep slopes. Susceptibilities of areas to landslide are rated based on the level of activity of tension cracks in the area, the area’s proximity and effect to the communities as well as steepness of slope and drainage capacity.

Southern barangays are high to moderately expose to landslide while the northern part are moderate to low.

Drought and Dry Spells

Water supply is most impacted by drought due to evaporation and lack of new supply from rains. This lack of water supply will affect water quality that will have an adverse effect on human health, and water quantity that will lessen soil productivity.

2. Geologic Hazards

Ground Shaking

Lingig for the past years had experience slights disturbances caused by movement of nearby faults. Most of the barangays are moderately exposed while barangays Valencia, Bongan and Barcelona a portion of its coastal area which area low susceptible to ground shaking.

Liquefaction

A major secondary effect of an earthquake is liquefaction. Liquefaction occurs when saturated and unstable soil particles/sands liquefy or rearrange it due to earthquakes or rapid loads. This causes soil fissures and land subsidence. Fountains of gas, loose sand and soils can occur right after an earthquake. Barangays Valencia, Bongan, Barcelona,Tagpupuran, Poblacion, Sabang, Mansailao and San Rouqe are highly exposed to the hazard.

Tsunami

Coastal barangays like Valencia, Bongan, Poblacion and Sabang had the largest area affected with tsunami hazards while the rest had a minimal exposure.

Earthquake-Induced Landslide

The municipality based on the Geo-hazard map has a low susceptibility with regards to earthquake-induced landslide.

HAZARD CONSEQUENCE/SENSITIVITY

Typhoon/Storm Surge/Sea Level Rise/Flooding

Occurrence of strong typhoon will greatly affect the production of coconut which majority of the farmers’ livelihood depend. It will also affect the vulnerable sector houses.

Flooding will hamper the production of rice and fishpond. It will affect the coastal settlements especially those in the danger zone and no build zone areas. While storm surge and sea level rise will only affect few of the coastal areas.

Rain/Earthquake-Induced Landslide

Landslide delays/disrupts upland dwellers access to goods and services to and from the upland barangays like Rajah Cabungsuan, Bogak and Mahayahay which will cause income losses to upland farmers and disrupts community activities.

Agro-forestry areas at risk of losing good soil due to uprooting of vegetative covers.

Drought and Dry-spell

Farming families affected by losses of income due to low production which is brought about by loss of water supply. Rice production will be affected from irrigated to rainfed lands. Corn will subsequently decrease production. This will also affect the fish production drastically.

The total population of the municipality will suffer the increase incidence of heat strokes to elderlies, incidence of diseases and decrease of food supply due decrease of water supply.

Liquefaction

Based on the liquefaction risk map, the municipality has a lesser vulnerable sector. Destruction of houses, school buildings, health and social facilities that will require repair or construction expenses. Barangays Poblacion, Sabang and Valencia are exposed to liquefaction hazard which will trigger during incidence of ground shaking.

Saturated soil usually losses strength and stiffness causes by earthquakes. Buildings will experience sudden loss of support that will result on drastic and irregular settlements causing structural damage and cracking of foundations and damage to the buildings itself.

Tsunami

The municipality had 13 coastal barangays directly facing the Pacific Ocean. These barangays are vulnerable to tsunami.

Ground Shaking

The municipality is vulnerable to ground shaking moderately except for the Barangays Valencia and Bongan which have only low risk vulnerability.